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The baseball is a spherical ball used in the game of baseball. It consists of a round cushioned cork center called a "pill". It is wrapped tightly in windings of wool and covered by stitched cowhide. The ball used in the game of baseball is made up of full grain leather cover, wool windings, cushioned cork center and Super Seam Technology.

Weight of a Baseball
The baseball weight must lie in the range of 5 to 5.25 ounces (141.70-148.80 grams).

Circumference of a Baseball
The circumference of a baseball measures between 9 and 9.25 inches (22.8 to 23.5 centimeters).

Structure and Constituents of a Baseball
A baseball consists of three basic layers : Core, Midsection, Exterior. The core is made of rubber and cork. Mid section is winded with wool and yarn. And the exterior layer is made of cowhide. The detailed structure of a baseball and the materials used in its manufacturing are given below.

Do You Know?

An official baseball cover must be white.
The baseball must be stitched with 88 inches (223.52 centimeters) of waxed red thread.

Structure of a Baseball
A baseball consists of three basic layers :

Core
The core part consists of a sphere made of a cork and rubber. It is known as pill. It is 2.06 cm in diameter. The pill is covered with two layers of rubber. A black inner layer which is made up of two hemispherical shells that is joined by red rubber washers which is the outer layer. The entire pill measures 10.47 centimeters in circumference.
Mid part
Four distinct layers of wool and polyester/cotton of varying thickness wind the cushioned cork pill in concentric circles. The layers of winding are :
- First layer: It is the thickest layer made of four-ply gray woolen yarn.
- Second layer: Three-ply white woolen yarn
- Third layer: Three-ply gray woolen yarn
- Fourth layer: White poly/cotton finishing yarn.
Exterior
The outermost layer is made of alum-tanned and full-grained cowhide. The hide is primarily of Midwest Holstein cattle. The hide of these cattles have a better grain and are cleaner and smoother.

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Why wool is preferred over other yarn ?
Wool is selected for the baseball's inner windings.

It is because of its natural resiliency and "memory" which allows it to be compressed when pressure is applied. Quickly it return to its original shape.
Despite being hit repeatedly during a game it retain its perfect roundness.

Outer winding :

A polyester/cotton blend providing outer winding add strength and decrease the risk of wear & tear when the ball's cowhide cover is applied.

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